Efficiency and Response to Phosphorus Use of Corn Cultivars in the Tropical Climate
Weder Ferreira dos Santos
Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil.
Lucas Carneiro Maciel *
Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil.
Osvaldo José Ferreira Junior
Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil.
Gabriel Mesquita da Rocha
Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil.
Joênes Mucci Peluzio
Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil.
Layanni Ferreira Sodré
Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil.
Lucas Alves de Faria
Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil.
Adriano Silveira Barbosa
Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil.
Diogo Claudio da Silva
Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The present study evaluated the efficiency and response to phosphorus (P) use of corn cultivars in the tropical climate in southern Para State, Brazil.
Study Design: Two experiments were carried out, in low P (50 kg ha-1) and high P (200 kg ha-1) applications in Randomized block design (RBD), three replicates, and fourteen cultivars were used for the experiment.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out in the 2019-20 harvest at Sitio Vitoria (8º18'32" S, 50º36'58" W), located in the municipality of Santa Maria das Barreiras, a southern region of Para state, Brazil.
Methodology: Phosphate fertilization was used in the sowing groove. In low P, 50 kg ha-1 of P2O5 were applied, and in high P were 200 kg ha-1 of P2O5. The source was simple superphosphate (18% P2O5). The dose in high P was defined to achieve high yields and considering the nutrient content in the soil, in low P the dose was well below. Nitrogen and potassium fertilization in cover were divided: 50% in V4 and 50% in V8. Doses of 150 kg ha-1 of N and 90 kg ha-1 of K2O were used, and fertilizers were used: urea (43% N) and potassium chloride (60% K2O).
Results: The highest means were: 8,710 kg ha-1 efficiency and 29.78 kg kg-1 response. The efficient cultivars were: ORION, BR 2022, CR 120, AL BANDEIRANTE, M 274, BRS 3046, and AG 8088. And those considered responsive were: BM 3061, BR206, CATIVERDE 02, BR 205, ANHEMBI, BR 2022, and BRS 3046.
Conclusion: The cultivar BR 2022 and BRS3046 showed high efficiency and also a response to phosphorus use.
Keywords: Technological, grain yield, phosphate fertilization