Agromorphological Determinants Favoring the Spread of Anthracnose Disease in Cashew Agroforestry Farms in Côte d'Ivoire
Brou Kouassi Guy *
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Biologiques, Département Biologie Végétale, Université Peleforo Gon Coulibaly (UPGC), BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
Silue Souleymane
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Biologiques, Département de Biochimie Génétique, Université Peleforo Gon Coulibaly (UPGC), BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
Doga Dabé
Station de Recherche de Lataha, Programme Anacarde Mangue Papaye, Centre Nationale de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA), 01 BP 1740 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire.
Oro Zokou Franck
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Biologiques, Département Biologie Végétale, Université Peleforo Gon Coulibaly (UPGC), BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
N’goran Yao Claude François
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Biologiques, Département Biologie Végétale, Université Peleforo Gon Coulibaly (UPGC), BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
Kouassi Koffi II Nazaire
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) Biosciences, Programme West African Virus Epidemiology (WAVE), Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, 01 BPV 34 Abidjan 01, ex-Directeur du Laboratoire Central de Biotechnologie, Centre Nationale de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA), 01 BP 1740 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire.
Dogbo Denezon Odette
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Naturelles, Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Cashew cultivation faces several health problems. Among these problems, anthracnose causes extensive damage to twigs, leaves and fruits and causes loss of yield. The spread of this disease is thought to be determined by certain agromorphological features of the cashew tree. The objective of this study was to search for these agro-morphological determinants that influence the spread of anthracnose disease in agroforestry systems in Côte d'Ivoire. To achieve this objective, 30 cashew trees spread across 26 agroforestry cashew orchards in the Korhogo, Sinématiali and Boundiali departments were chosen and geolocated. The factor studied was the clone, consisting of 30 cashew genotypes, with 15 modalities. The collected data was subjected to descriptive analysis, correlation test, PCA and hierarchical ascending classification (CAH). The results showed that the wingspan, leaf area and size of cashew trees are determinants that promote the spread of anthracnose disease. Following this result, the CAH made it possible to screen the genotypes into three groups. These results could contribute to management of anthracnose disease in agroforestry, to enhance and intensify this cropping systems.
Keywords: Disease distribution, croping system, wingspan, leaf area, size, agroforestry system