Assessing the Single and Combined Toxicity of Chlorantraniliprole with Bacillus thuringiensis against Maize Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under Laboratory Conditions

V. Gowtham

Department of Agrl. Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India.

M. Muthuswami *

Department of Agrl. Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India.

N. Sathiah

Department of Agrl. Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India.

S. Geetha

Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India.

S. Varanavasiappan

Department of Plant Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India.

D. Uma

Department of Biochemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.


Abstract

Use of synthetic insecticides for the management of fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) for a longer period will led to development of insecticide resistance. Identification of an eco-friendly synergistic agent to enhance the toxicity potential and reduced pesticide use as well become mandatory in due process. Hence the present study was formulated to find the single and combined toxicity of chlorantraniliprole and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) against the 2nd and 3rd larval instars of S. frugiperda. Single toxicity of chlorantraniliprole against 2nd and 3rd larval instars were 0.87 and 1.52 ppm (LC25); 4.08 and 6.50 ppm (LC50), respectively. With respect to Bt, single toxicity against 2nd and 3rd larval instars were 474.39 and 693.48 ppm (LC25); 1008.62 and 1228.62 ppm (LC50), respectively. Combination effect of chlorantraniliprole with Bt revealed that 2nd instar of FAW showed supplemental synergism at LC50 of chlorantraniliprole + LC25 of Bt. In the case of LC50 of chlorantraniliprole + LC50 of Bt, LC25 of chlorantraniliprole + LC50 of Bt and LC25 of chlorantraniliprole + LC50 of Bt combinations, they showed sub additive synergism. In 3rd instar larvae, the combined toxicity results were similar for all the combinations of chlorantraniliprole + Bt except LC25 of chlorantraniliprole + LC50 of Bt where it showed an antagonistic synergism. Activity of Carboxyl Esterase (CarE), Mixed Function Oxidase (MFO) and Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) were found to be lesser in chlorantraniliprole LC50 + Bt LC25 combinations than single toxicity treatments. Therefore, combined use of chlorantraniliprole with Bt at LC50 of chlorantraniliprole + LC25 of Bt had supplemental synergism on fall armyworm under laboratory condition.

Keywords: Chlorantraniliprole, Bacillus thuringiensis, Spodoptera frugiperda, combined toxicity, synergism, maize


How to Cite

Gowtham, V., M. Muthuswami, N. Sathiah, S. Geetha, S. Varanavasiappan, and D. Uma. 2022. “Assessing the Single and Combined Toxicity of Chlorantraniliprole With Bacillus Thuringiensis Against Maize Fall Armyworm Spodoptera Frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under Laboratory Conditions”. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 34 (3):41-49. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i330845.