The Nutrient Zinc in Soil and Plant: A Review
Vinicius de Souza Oliveira *
Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alegre, ES, Brazil.
Johnatan Jair de Paula Marchiori
Federal University Rural of Rio de Janeiro - Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Lusiane de Sousa Ferreira
State University Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
Gilcéa Teixeira Fontana Boone
Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Itapina - Colatina, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Luan Luciano dos Santos Pereira
Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Itapina - Colatina, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Eduarda Carriço
Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Itapina - Colatina, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Evellyn Zuqui Bolsoni
Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Itapina - Colatina, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Zinc is an element found in low amounts in the soil, which may limit the development of agricultural crops. In addition, the absorption of this nutrient by plants is directly influenced by several factors such as: high pH, amount of organic matter, high humidity associated with low temperatures and soil microbiota. Zinc is important for enzymatic activity, being a constituent part of the enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase, carbonic anhydrase, superoxide dismutase enzyme and polymer RNA, in addition to participating in the synthesis of precursor tryptophan in the metabolism of indoleacetic acid, which is a plant hormone directly related to the development of plants. In plants, the symptoms of zinc deficiency appear with the shortening of the internodes, reduction of the leaf area, reduction of its size, appearance of rosettes, chlorosis and necrosis. Thus, the objective of this review is to present the main aspects of the zinc nutrient in the soil and the functions performed in plants.
Keywords: Enzymes, Zn2 cation, tryptophan