Field Efficacy of Biocapsules of Entomopathogenic Fungi for the Management of Amaranthus Leaf Webber Spoladea recurvalis (Fabricius) Crambidae: Lepidoptera
Parvathi Maloth *
Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram-695522, Kerala, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
There are many insecticides are being available for pest control in the market, but traditionally focused on killing insect pests using a variety of insecticides may lead to insecticide resistance in insect pests. Biological control methods are promising alternative methods to the chemical method. In the evaluation of the efficacy of biocapsules of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin, for the management of amaranthus leaf webber, Spoladea (Hymenia) recurvalis F., it was revealed that Metarhizium and Beauveria capsules @ three L-1 sprayed twice (at weekly intervals) was effective reducing the larval population of S. recurvalis (83.6 and 69.9 % respectively). Lower doses of two and one capsule L-1 were less effective (47.3 to 66.5 % reductions). Spraying spore suspensions of these fungi @ 108 mL-1 resulted in 91.2 to 100 per cent reduction, while in flubendiamide 39.35 SC, it was 89.8 per cent. Treatment with Metarhizium and Beauveria capsules did not affect the natural enemy population significantly with 2.33 to 3.67 plant-1, while the corresponding population was 1.4 in flubendiamide 39.5 SC and 3.6 in the untreated control. The yield in the plots treated with Metarhizium and Beauveria capsules @ three L-1 was higher when compared to that in the untreated plot. Therefore, Need-based production of biocontrol formulations in the form of capsules, tablets, powder, etc. should be broadcasted.
Keywords: Spoladea recurvalis, Metarhizium, Beauveria, biocapsules
How to Cite
Downloads
References
FAO; 2012. Available:http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/131114/icode
Rao Ranga GV, Rupela OP, Rameshwar Rao V, Reddy YVR. Role of Biopesticides in crop protection: present status and future prospects. Indian J Plant Prot. 2007;35(1):1-9.
Charnley AK 1989. Mycoinsecticide: present use and future prospects in insect control. BLPL Monograph No. 43: 165-83.
Moore D, Prior C. The potential of mycoinsecticides. Biocontrol News Inf. 1993;14:31-40.
Shahid AA, Rao AQ, Bakhsh A, Husnain T. Entomopathogenic fungi as biological controllers: new insight into their virulence and pathogenicity. Arch Biol Sci Belgrade. 2012;64(1):21-42.
Srinivasan R. Integrating biopesticides in pest management strategies for tropical vegetable production. J Biopesticides. 2012;5:36-45.
Mureithi DM, Komi FK, Ekesi S, Meyhöfer R. Important arthropod pests on leafy Amaranth (Amaranthus viridis, A. tricolor and A. blitum) and broad-leafed African nightshade (Solanum scabrum) with a special focus on host-plant ranges. Afr J Hortic Sci. 2017;11:1-17.
James B, Godonou I, Atcha-Ahowe C, Glitho I, Vodouhe S, Ahanchede A et al. Extending integrated pest management to indigenous vegetables. Prospectus Fighting Pover Hunger Malnutrition International Conference on Indigenous Vegetables and Legumes. 2006;752: 89-94.
Pooru M. Management of pests and pesticide residues in vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.) (Doctoral dissertation, College of Agriculture, Vellayani); 2013.
Miller SO. Management of Spoladea recurvalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) on amaranths using biopesticides, ([Doctoral Dissertation]. North-West University); 2019.
Praveena A. Pathogenicity of indigenous entomopathogenic fungi against select lepidopteran pests (Doctoral dissertation, College of Agriculture, Vellayani); 2016.
Remya S, Rani Reji OP. In: First International Conference on Biological Control Approaches and Applications. Sep 27-29, Bengaluru. Bengaluru: Society for Biocontrol Advancement; 2018. Standardization of coating material and carrier material for capsule formulations of entomopathogenic fungi. 2018; 110.
Muralikrishna P, Mathew TB, Paul A, Nithya PR. Evaluation of bio-efficacy of new generation insecticides, botanicals, and microbial insecticides on leaf webber of amaranth. J Entomol Zool Stud. 2019; 7:516-20.
Sambathkumar S. In vitro efficacy of newer insecticide molecules against diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) and leaf webber, Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller in cabbage. J Entomol Zool Stud. 2020;8(4):365-71.
Sarkar S, Dutta M, Roy S. Potential toxicity of flubendiamide in Drosophila melanogaster and associated structural alterations of its compound eye. Toxicol Environ Chem. 2014;96(7):1075-87. DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2014.997986.
Yan HH, Xue CB, Li GY, Zhao XL, Che XZ, Wang LL. Flubendiamide resistance and Bi-PASA detection of ryanodine receptor G4946E mutation in the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella Ls.). Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2014;115:73-7.
DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2014.09.003, PMID 25307469
Wei L, Shao WW, Ding GH, Fan XL, Yu ML, Lin ZH. Acute and joint toxicity of three agrochemicals to Chinese tiger frog (Hoplobatrachus chinensis) tadpoles. Dongwuxue Yanjiu. 2014;35(4):272-9.
DOI:10.13918/j.issn.2095-8137.2014.4.272, PMID 25017745
Nirmalakallagadda, Rathnamma V. Flubendiamide a phthalic acid diamide, effect on protein metabolism of freshwater fish Labeo rohita (Hamilton). Int J Recent Sci Res. 2014;5(9):1554-7.
Shrinivas SJ, David M. Modulatory impact of flubendiamide on enzyme activities in tropical black and red agriculture soils of Dharwad (North Karnataka), India. Int J Agric Food Sci. 2015;5(2):43-9.
Liu X, Zhao H, Chen Z, Lin Y, Lin W, Liu T et al. Biochemical toxicity and cytotoxicity of flubendiamide on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Asian J Ecotoxicol. 2017;12:293-301.
Ranjan A, Dumka VK, Ranjan R. Chronic flubendiamide exposure induces oxidative stress in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves. Curr Sci. 2018;114(8): 1610-2. DOI: 10.18520/cs/v114/i08/1610-1612