In-situ Rice Residue Management Practices and Its Impact on Climate, Soil Fertility and Crop Productivity: A Review
Roop Kishor Pachauri *
Department of Agronomy, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Modipuram, Meerut, (U.P.), 250110, India.
R. B. Yadav
Department of Agronomy, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Modipuram, Meerut, (U.P.), 250110, India.
Ashish Nath
Department of Agronomy, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Modipuram, Meerut, (U.P.), 250110, India.
Jay Nath Patel
Department of Agronomy, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Modipuram, Meerut, (U.P.), 250110, India.
Mohd Shah Alam
Department of Agronomy, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Modipuram, Meerut, (U.P.), 250110, India.
Amit Kumar
Department of Horticulture, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Modipuram, Meerut, (U.P.), 250110, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Around two-thirds of all food contributes in India is produced in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP), where rice and wheat are the two main crops. In India, rice is grown on the largest percentage of land (32%) followed by wheat (23%). Reusing rice residues has an impact on the soil's characteristics and crop yield. Rice residues are significant natural resources. With a total yield of 10 to 12 t/ha, a rice-wheat sequence depletes the soil of more than 300 kg N, 30 kg P, and 300 kg K per ha. Residue burning results in nutrient losses of 100% C, 90% N, 60% S, and 25% each of P and K. Air pollution has a negative impact on health, including respiratory conditions, eye and skin irritation, and other conditions. An analysis has been done based on the stated research findings from various researchers. It is necessary to study and update the technology in order to prevent residues from burning in the rice and wheat cropping system. A good alternative for their management is to in-situ incorporate rice wastes with microbial consortia in wheat crops. Increased yield, water productivity, and profitability can be achieved by incorporating microbial consortia, while Phaleris minor weed is reduced, further enhancements to soil quality. Because rice residues are a substantial source of plant nutrients, applying them continuously will improve fertiliser management and reduce air pollution.
Keywords: Rice residue, productivity, microbial consortia