Rice Ratooning: A Pioneering Strategy for Enhancing Rice Productivity and Embracing Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation
Manish Kumar Maurya *
Department of Agronomy, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat -785013, Assam, India.
Anjan Sarma
Department of Agronomy, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat -785013, Assam, India.
Gariyashi Tamuly
Department of Agrometrology, KVK, Baksa, Assam, India.
Vineet Kumar Shukla
Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221005 (Uttar Pradesh), India.
Pratishruti Behera
Department of Agronomy, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat -785013, Assam, India.
Sarat Sekhar Bora
Department of Agronomy, KVK, Udalguri, Assam, India.
Banothu Chakravarthi
Department of Agronomy, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat -785013, Assam, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The global demand for rice as a primary staple food, especially in Asia, has intensified the need for increased rice production. However, traditional rice cultivation methods such as double-cropping have adverse environmental impacts and are affected by water scarcity due to changing climate conditions. In this context, the ratoon rice system, which involves regenerating a second rice crop from the same plant after the main harvest, offers a promising solution. Ratoon cropping reduces production costs, labor, and water usage while being more environmentally friendly. This review paper aims to explore the best management practices for enhancing ratoon rice system productivity and climate change adaptation. Various strategies are discussed such as optimal varietal selection, timing of sowing and harvesting, establishment techniques, cutting height of the main crop, water and nutrient management, weed control and the use of plant growth regulators. The results suggest that implementing these practices can lead to better ratoon crop yields and economic benefits. Furthermore, sustainability assessments have shown that ratoon rice cultivation can reduce greenhouse gas emissions, making it a more environmentally sustainable option compared to conventional rice cropping methods.
Keywords: Ratooning, global worming potential, sustainability, alternate wetting and drying, cutting height, grain quality