Soil Fertility Indicators in Crop-Livestock-Forest Integration Systems
Lusiane de Sousa Ferreira
State University Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho- Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
Vinicius de Souza Oliveira *
Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alegre, ES, Brazil.
Johnatan Jair de Paula Marchiori
Federal University Rural of Rio de Janeiro - Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Matheus de Paula Gomes
Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Itapina - Colatina, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Tatiane Cristovam Ferreira
State University Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho- Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
Fernanda Nery Vargens
State University Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho- Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
Evellyn Zuqui Bolsoni
Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Itapina - Colatina, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Eduarda Carriço
Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Itapina - Colatina, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Anderson Mathias Holtz
Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Itapina - Colatina, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aiming at agricultural production in a sustainable, satisfactory manner and with less impact on the environment, cultivation systems such as crop-livestock integration, crop-livestock-forest integration, direct planting systems and agroforestry have been adopted. Crop-Livestock-Forest Integration Systems allow the increase in agricultural production without the need to convert new areas to agriculture, increasing the diversification of agricultural production on rural properties and applying different scales of agricultural enterprises. Thus, crop-livestock-forest integration systems are an important alternative for the sustainable expansion of Brazilian agriculture, reducing negative environmental impacts.
Keywords: Sustainable, environmental quality, socioeconomic