Response of Inorganic Fertilizers, Organic Manure and Biofertilizer on the Physical Parameters of the Soil under the Cultivation of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) CV. Arun
Anil Kumar *
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211 007 U.P., India.
Arun Alfred David
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211 007 U.P., India.
Tarence Thomas
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211 007 U.P., India.
Ram Bharose
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211 007 U.P., India.
Narendra Swaroop
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211 007 U.P., India.
Alok M. Lall
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211 007 U.P., India.
Iska Srinath Reddy
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211 007 U.P., India.
Rohan Serawat
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211 007 U.P., India.
Neha Toppo
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211 007 U.P., India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Application of inorganic fertilizer, biofertilizer and organic manure to the soil can have various effects on the physical parameters of soil, such as soil structure, porosity, water holding capacity, bulk density. The designed lay out 48 total soil samples were taken from different depths 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm. The optimal combination of these inputs depends on the type of soil, crop and climate. Generally, the application of organic manure can improve the soil structure and porosity, while the addition of biofertilizer can enhance the soil fertility and microbial activity. The use of inorganic fertilizer can provide essential nutrients for plant growth, but it should be applied in appropriate amounts and forms to avoid negative impacts on the soil quality. The conjunctive use of N P K and different vermicompost and rhizobium the treatment T16- [RDF @ 100 % + VC @ 100 % + Rhizobium @ 100 %] gave best results physical properties of soil.
Keywords: Vermicompost, rhizobium, soil bulk density, soil water holding capacity, soil porosity, soil particle density