Exploring the Future of Plant Breeding: Advancements and Challenges
Basanagouda Gonal
University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, India.
Somveer
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Haryana, India.
Gangadhara Doggalli *
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, UAS Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
Bhupendra Kumar
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, India.
Shanti Bhushan
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Veer Kunwar Singh College of Agriculture, Dumraon-802136, Buxar, Bihar, India.
Surekha S
Department of FBTI, College of Forestry, Ponnampet, Karnataka, India.
G. Malathi
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Sandhiyur, Salem, Tamil Nadu, Pin-636203, India.
Lakshman Singh
School of Agricultural Sciences, G.D. Goenka University, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This review paper delves into the future of plant breeding by examining the advancements and challenges in the field. The introduction provides an overview of the historical evolution of plant breeding and highlights its relevance in addressing contemporary global challenges such as food security and climate change. The subsequent section explores the transition from conventional to molecular breeding techniques, showcasing the latest advancements in marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, and gene editing. Moreover, the review elucidates the significance of breeding stress-tolerant and adaptable crops to combat the effects of climate change and other environmental stressors. The integration of omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, in plant breeding is discussed in detail to underscore their role in accelerating breeding progress. Finally, the paper addresses the challenges and ethical considerations associated with the future of plant breeding, including the adoption of genetically modified organisms and the need for robust regulatory frameworks. Overall, this review sheds light on the promising prospects and potential pitfalls in the domain of plant breeding, emphasizing the importance of sustainable and ethical practices.
Keywords: Plant Breeding, advancements, molecular breeding, stress tolerance