An Evaluation of Recycled Papers as Storage and Germination Medium of Vegetable Seeds
Myka Louisse A. Emperador *
Integrated Developmental School, College of Education and Social Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan, 9023, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
Valerie Lorraine E. Fernando
Integrated Developmental School, College of Education and Social Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan, 9023, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
Harlie Arrene B. Walters
Integrated Developmental School, College of Education and Social Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan, 9023, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
Precious Faith M. Mendez
Integrated Developmental School, College of Education and Social Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan, 9023, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
Charlotte Angel Y. Satumba
Integrated Developmental School, College of Education and Social Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan, 9023, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
Kevin Client B. Matutes
Integrated Developmental School, College of Education and Social Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan, 9023, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
Kyla Marie C. Baslot
Integrated Developmental School, College of Education and Social Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan, 9023, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
Mark Rainier D. Lumahang
Integrated Developmental School, College of Education and Social Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan, 9023, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
Jash U. Mahinay
Integrated Developmental School, College of Education and Social Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan, 9023, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
Vincent Dave D. Bienes
Integrated Developmental School, College of Education and Social Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan, 9023, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
An innovative approach to storing and germinating seeds can be achieved by embedding seeds in recycled papers. This quantitative study was conducted to evaluate the viability and germination of vegetable seeds in recycled paper compared to soil. Pechay (Brassica rapa), mustard (Brassica juncea), spinach (Spinacia oleracea), and saluyot (Corchorus olitorius) were seed samples examined in both media. Daily monitoring of seedlings' height and germination count was conducted using a counting method and rulers, as well as water sprays. As a result, viability varied among seeds, with pechay (100%) and mustard (96.30%) showing higher rates in recycled paper than spinach (25.93%) and saluyot (44.44%). The viability of pechay (96.30%), mustard (96.30%), spinach (96.30%), and saluyot (70.37%) was generally higher in soil. Germination rates differed across seed types and media. Pechay and mustard grew consistently in both media, while spinach and saluyot had different growth patterns and showed slower growth. Statistical analysis using the Fisher Exact Test and T-test showed no significant difference in viability between recycled paper and soil (P = 0.214). Soil remains preferred, but recycled paper can serve as an alternative starting medium. Long-term growth assessment and matching media to more plant species are recommended to enhance germination practices and sustainable agriculture.
Keywords: Germination rate, recycled paper, soil, vegetable seeds, viability