International Journal of Plant & Soil Science

Mustard, scientifically known as Brassica juncea, is a vital oilseed crop sown during the Rabi season in various agricultural regions. This crop not only contributes significantly to the edible oil supply but also plays a crucial role in the agricultural economy, providing farmers with essential income and employment opportunities. However, one of the major challenges faced by farmers in mustard cultivation is the tillage process, which is both time-consuming and labor-intensive. Conventional tillage methods often require extensive land preparation, leading to increased labor costs and decreased efficiency.

In light of these challenges, this study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the Happy Seeder technology, a modern innovation designed to facilitate direct sowing in the standing stubble of previous crops. This research focused on the mustard variety Pusa-27 and was executed over two consecutive Rabi seasons, specifically from 2021-22 and 2022-23. The experiment was implemented by KVK Rohtas, utilizing both long-term experimental plots and 20 different farmers’ fields to ensure a comprehensive assessment across various agricultural settings. To analyze the impact of the two different sowing methods, two groups of plots were established at each site: one group employed the conventional tillage method (T₁), while the other group utilized the Happy Seeder technique (T₂). The experimental design followed a randomized block format, consisting of 21 replications for each treatment to ensure robust and reliable data collection.

The results of the study revealed that the Happy Seeder sowing method significantly enhanced the productivity of mustard. The average yield recorded for the Happy Seeder group was an impressive 16.25 quintals per hectare, markedly higher than the 12.70 quintals per hectare achieved with conventional tillage. This increase in yield not only highlights the effectiveness of the Happy Seeder technology but also suggests that it can potentially help meet the growing demand for oilseeds.

In addition to higher yields, the Happy Seeder method also resulted in reduced input costs, primarily due to lower labor requirements associated with its use. The reduced need for extensive tillage and the ability to sow directly into the stubble allow farmers to save on labor costs and time, making the farming process more efficient.

Moreover, the implementation of the Happy Seeder method was associated with significant improvements in soil health. The study indicated enhancements in both the physico-chemical and biological properties of the soil, which are crucial for sustainable agricultural practices. Improved soil health not only contributes to better crop yields but also promotes long-term fertility, allowing farmers to sustain their agricultural productivity over time. This result is in conformity to Jat et al. 2009.

In conclusion, the findings of this study strongly advocate for the adoption of the Happy Seeder sowing method in mustard cultivation. The notable improvements in productivity, reduction in input costs, and enhancement of soil health suggest that this innovative technique can play a pivotal role in transforming mustard farming into a more sustainable and profitable venture. By embracing such modern agricultural practices, farmers can significantly contribute to food security while also improving their economic viability.