Sanctified Trees (Ficus religiosa and Ficus benghalensis) in India: A Significance and Analogous Mythology
Yachna Sood
University Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Chandigarh University, India.
Manmohan Lal *
University Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Chandigarh University, India.
Ittu Rattan
University Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Chandigarh University, India.
Vadita Walia
University Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Chandigarh University, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Sanctified trees are the trees of religious importance and cultural significance. In India, trees particularly Ficus benghalensis and Ficus religiosa are such sacred plants with exceptional therapeutic qualities. Because of their aesthetic and natural characteristics, these plants are valued. Thus, in order to preserve certain plants, our ancestors associated certain Gods and Goddesses with them and designated them as sacred plants. Many people still believe in myths and beliefs associated with sacred trees. These historical notions demonstrate the relationship between people and plants, which is also beneficial in the protection of plant species because of their special features. They possess remarkable medicinal qualities that have assisted in the treatment of numerous life-dangers illnesses. These trees were used in the traditional medical practices of Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, and homeopathy and often used as a medication for several illnesses. Different plant parts were employed to treat numerous fatal illnesses, including diarrhea, menorrhagia, leucorrhea, dysentery, mental diseases, and tonic and astringent. Therefore, the current review is the initiative to do a thorough literature on its phytochemistry, pharmacognosy, conventional and medicinal purposes along with myths and beliefs attached to it.
Keywords: F. religiosa, F. benghalensis, mythology, phytochemicals, ayurveda