Population Dynamics of Major Insect Pests and their Natural Enemies on Black Gram, Vigna mungo (Linn.) Hepper
Maneesha
Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, 474002, India.
Prabha Tigga
Department of Plant Physiology, Division of Basic Sciences, ICAR-IARI-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research Hessaraghatta, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560089, India.
Kunjum Pradeeprao Likhitkar
Department of Entomology, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, 474002, India.
Priyanshu Pawar
Department of Entomology, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482004, India.
Pawan Kumawat
Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, 211007, India.
Yogita Sonwani
Department of Biotechnology, IGKV, Raipur, Chhattisgarh- 492012, India.
Dwarka *
Department of Entomology, JNKVV, College of Agriculture, Panna, Madhya Pradesh, 488001, India.
Amrapali Jawalkar
Zila Panchayat Office Chhindwara, Madhya Pradesh, 480001, India.
S. B. Das
Department of Entomology, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482004, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Insect pest populations are greatly influenced by abiotic factors, particularly temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall. Meteorological variables play a significant role in the seasonal dynamics of pest outbreaks, affecting their development, survival, and behavior. Previous studies have highlighted the strong correlations between environmental factors and pest populations, suggesting that climate change may intensify pest pressure on crops. An experiment was conducted at Adhartal farm, Integrated Farming System unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur during Kharif season 2022-23. Peak period of whitefly, jassid, Ladybird beetle, Spider, Dragonfly and damselfly recorded on 41st SW (i.e., 2nd week of October), 40th SW (i.e., 1st week of October), 37th SW (i.e., 3rd week of September), 45th SW (i.e. 2nd week of November), 44th SW (i.e., 1st week of November) and 40th SW (i.e., 2nd week of October). YMV was recorded maximum during 47th SW (i.e., 4th week of November). Sunshine and rainfall had positive and negative impact on spider population, respectively. First incidence of dragonfly was observed on 4 DOC and was available on the crop for about 101 days i.e., upto 104 DOC and attained one peak i.e., at 84 DOC. First incidence of damselfly was observed on 4 DOC and was available on the crop for about 101 days i.e., upto 104 DOC and attained one peak i.e., at 52 DOC. First incidence of YMV infection was observed on 32 DOC and was available on the crop for about 73 days i.e., upto 104DOC and attained one peak i.e., at 104DOC. It is imperative to identify natural predators and parasites, assess the degree of predation and parasitization, analyze abiotic factors conducive to their proliferation, and pinpoint safe biopesticides and biodynamics.
Keywords: Black gram, spider, dragonfly, damselfly, natural enemies